{"id":71,"date":"2011-10-17T20:48:29","date_gmt":"2011-10-17T17:48:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jakeroid.com\/?p=71"},"modified":"2022-06-25T17:14:13","modified_gmt":"2022-06-25T14:14:13","slug":"main-and-environ","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jakeroid.com\/ru\/blog\/main-and-environ\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"<\/a>\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u0410 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 Linux. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435.<\/div>\n

\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n

\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f main — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b. \u0415\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e, \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432 windows \u0438\u043b\u0438 unix \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u0442\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u0438\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442 ANSI \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e main \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c:<\/p>\n

\n
int main(int argc, char* argv[]);<\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443(arguments counter), \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432(\u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a) \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432(arguments values), \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d NULL.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u044e — \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0448\u043d\u043e. \u041d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430, \u041e\u0421 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/em><\/p>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n
#include <stdio.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char* argv)\n{\n\tprintf(\"%irn\", argc - 1);\n\treturn 0;\n}<\/pre>\n
\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/p>\n
#include <stdio.h>\n\nint main(int argc, char* argv[])\n{\n\tif (argc == 3)\n\t{\n\t\tint a = atoi(argv[1]), b = atoi(argv[2]);\n\t\tprintf(\"%irn\", a + b);\n\t\treturn 0;\n\t}\n\telse\n\t\treturn -1;\n}<\/pre>\n
\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f atoi \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 int. \u0410 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e.<\/p>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434:<\/p>\n
NAME<\/strong> = value<\/em><\/p>\n
\u0413\u0434\u0435 name — \u0438\u043c\u044f, \u0430 value — \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435(\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430?). \u0425\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a. \u041d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u043d environ<\/em>. \u0415\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044e\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 char**<\/em>.<\/p>\n
\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d:<\/p>\n
#include <stdio.h>\n\nextern char** environ;\n\nint main(int argc, char* argv[])\n{\n\tint i;\n\tfor (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; ++i)\n\t\tprintf(\"[%i] %srn\", i, environ[i]);\n\treturn 0;\n}<\/pre>\n
\u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0443 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c 34 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0448\u043e\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u043c\u044f \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n
char * getenv (const char * name); \/\/\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 name\nint setenv (const char * name, const char * value, int overwrite); \/\/\u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e<\/pre>\n
\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0431\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043a \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443. \u0418 \u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e ENVVARS \u0441\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c ‘-‘, \u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 «\u0438\u043c\u044f-\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435» — ‘;’. \u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u044f:<\/p>\n
char* GetName(const char* input)\n{\n\tchar* result = (char*) malloc(sizeof(input));\n\tint i;\n\tfor (i = 0; input[i] != '='; ++i)\n\t\tresult[i] = input[i];\n\tresult[i] = '\ufffd';\n\treturn result;\n}<\/pre>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439. \u0412\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0445\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c ‘=’, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 ‘=’ \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430, \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c i<\/em> \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430!<\/p>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n
char* GetValue(const char* input)\n{\n\tchar* result = (char*) malloc(sizeof(input));\n\tint i = 0;\n\tdo\n\t\t++i;\n\twhile (input[i] != '=');\n\t++i;\n\tint j;\n\tfor (j = 0; input[i] != '\ufffd'; ++j, ++i)\n\t\tresult[j] = input[i];\n\tresult[j] = '\ufffd';\n\treturn result;\n}<\/pre>\n
\u041d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0435. \u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0449\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 ‘=’. \u041d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 — \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c(i<\/em>) \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443. \u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e j<\/em>. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c j<\/em>, \u0438 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e i<\/em>. \u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c j<\/em> \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c i<\/em>. \u0418 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 input<\/em>. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c j<\/em> — ‘=’. \u0421\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430.<\/p>\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f string.h. \u0412 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0442.\u0434.. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c <\/em>getenv. \u041d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e! \u0422\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\u044e, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0440!<\/em><\/p>\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b. \u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f main<\/em> \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n
int main(int argc, char* argv[])\n{\n\tchar* name = \"ENVVARS\"; \/\/\u0438\u043c\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\tchar* value = NULL; \/\/\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\tint i;\n\tfor (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; ++i)\n\t{\n\t\tint size = 0;\n\t\t\/\/\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 value \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\n\t\tif (value == NULL)\n\t\t{\n\t\t\t\/\/\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\t\t\t\/\/\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e 2 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 '-' \u0438 ';' \u0438 1 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u043d\u0430 '\ufffd'\n\t\t\tsize = (strlen(environ[i]) + 3) * sizeof(char);\n\t\t\tvalue = (char*) malloc(size); \/\/\u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\n\t\t\tvalue[0] = '\ufffd'; \/\/\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437 value \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\n\t\t}\n\t\t\/\/\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 value \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\n\t\telse\n\t\t{\n\t\t\t\/\/\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e value + \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\n\t\t\t\/\/\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0435 3 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\n\t\t\tsize = strlen(value) + (strlen(environ[i]) + 3) * sizeof(char);\n\t\t\tvalue = (char*) realloc(value, size); \/\/\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\n\t\t\tvalue[strlen(value)] = '\ufffd'; \/\/\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\n\t\t}\n\t\tstrcat(value, GetName(environ[i])); \/\/\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043c\u044f\n\t\tAppendChar(value, '-'); \/\/\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\n\t\tstrcat(value, GetValue(environ[i])); \/\/\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\t\tAppendChar(value, ';'); \/\/\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\n\n\t}\n\t\/\/\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\n\tsetenv(name, value, 0);\n\tfor (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; ++i)\n\t\tprintf(\"%srn\", environ[i]);\n    free(name); \/\/\u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u044c\n    free(value); \/\/\u0435\u0449\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043a, \u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f value\n}<\/pre>\n
\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f AppendChar \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438. \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u044f \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e:<\/p>\n
void AppendChar(char* input, char character)\n{\n\tchar* c = (char*) malloc(sizeof(char) * 2);\n\tc[0] = character;\n\tc[1] = '\ufffd';\n\tstrcat(input, c);\n}<\/pre>\n
\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c ENVVARS:<\/p>\n
\"\"<\/a><\/div>\n
\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e.<\/p>\n
\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u044b. \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0438.<\/p>\n
\u0423\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main \u0438 \u0435\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445. \u0410 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 Linux. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0442.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":82,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[15,16,42,91],"class_list":["post-71","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-it-tematika","tag-c-language","tag-c","tag-linux","tag-programmirovanie-2","anons"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 Linux.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jakeroid.com\/ru\/blog\/main-and-environ\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 Linux.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jakeroid.com\/ru\/blog\/main-and-environ\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0433 Jakeroid'\u0430\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-10-17T17:48:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-06-25T14:14:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/jakeroid.com\/ru\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2011\/10\/linux.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jakeroid\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Jakeroid\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Jakeroid\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/74e0fe41cca483a097f04e737be06e0e\"},\"headline\":\"\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-10-17T17:48:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-06-25T14:14:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":553,\"commentCount\":2,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2011\\\/10\\\/linux.png\",\"keywords\":[\"c language\",\"c++\",\"linux\",\"\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\"],\"articleSection\":[\"IT 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\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/blog\\\/main-and-environ\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/3\\\/2011\\\/10\\\/linux.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2011-10-17T17:48:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-06-25T14:14:13+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/jakeroid.com\\\/ru\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/74e0fe41cca483a097f04e737be06e0e\"},\"description\":\"\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 main() \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 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